January 28, 2014

Vomiting in pregnancy (morning sickness)

Vomiting is a symptoms which may be related to pregnancy or may be a manifestation of
some medical-surgical-gynaecological complications which can occur at any time during
pregnancy. It commonly occur between 5 to 18 weeks of pregnancy.

Causes -
The causes of vomiting is not clear. Several theroies such as increased level of the stomach
contents, increased hormone level, acute fulminating preeclampsia and psycological factors
have been proposed.

Types -
The vomiting related to pregnant state and depending upon the severity, it is classified as :
a) Simple vomiting of pregnancy
b) Hyperemesis gravidarum


                   Simple vomiting (morning sickness or emesis gravidarum)
The patient complains of nausea and occasional sickness on rising in the morning. Slight
vomiting is so common in early pregnancy (about 50% of women) that it is considered as
a symptom of pregnancy. The vomitus is small and clear or bile stained.
It does not produce any impairment of health or restrict the normal activities of the women. 
The features disappears with  or without treatment by 12-14th week of pregnancy.

Management -
- Taking of dry toast or biscuit and avoidance of fatty and spicy foods are enough to relieve
  the symptoms in majority.
Avoiding food or not eating may actually make nausea worse. Try eating to avoid an empty 
  stomach, which may aggravate nausea.
- Antiemetic drugs- trifluoperazine 1 mg twice daily.
- Patient is advised to take plenty of fluids and fruit juice.


                                        Hyperemesis gravidarum 
It is a severe type of vomiting of pregnancy which has got deleterious effect on the health of
the mother and/or incapacitates her in day to day activities. For details about hyperemesis
gravidarum, visit the following page :
http://pregnancyandlabour.blogspot.in/2014/01/hyperemesis-gravidarum-during-pregnancy.html

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